Biomarkers are chemicals that we can measure to estimate other harder-to-measure exposures. In this case, this project uses public use datasets of multiple biomarkers for tobacco exposure to differentiate between second- and thirdhand smoke, as well as e-cigarette smoke. Children are a population of particular concern because they are more vulnerable to the harms of tobacco exposure.
![icons of urine and blood samples with a document](https://cte.sdsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/100/2024/05/4-1024x1024.png)